2 Samuel 10:18

Authorized King James Version

And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew the men of seven hundred chariots of the Syrians, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, who died there.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיָּ֣נָס
fled
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
#2
מֵֽאֲרָ֗ם
And the Syrians
aram or syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of shem, a grandson of nahor, and of an israelite
#3
מִפְּנֵ֣י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#4
יִשְׂרָאֵל֒
Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#5
וַיַּֽהֲרֹ֨ג
slew
to smite with deadly intent
#6
דָּוִ֜ד
and David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#7
מֵֽאֲרָ֗ם
And the Syrians
aram or syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of shem, a grandson of nahor, and of an israelite
#8
שְׁבַ֤ע
the men of seven
seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number
#9
מֵאוֹת֙
hundred
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#10
רֶ֔כֶב
chariots
a vehicle; by implication, a team; by extension, cavalry; by analogy a rider, i.e., the upper millstone
#11
וְאַרְבָּעִ֥ים
and forty
forty
#12
אֶ֖לֶף
thousand
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
#13
פָּֽרָשִׁ֑ים
horsemen
a steed (as stretched out to a vehicle, not single nor for mounting ); also (by implication) a driver (in a chariot), i.e., (collectively) cavalry
#14
וְאֵ֨ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#15
שׁוֹבַ֧ךְ
Shobach
shobak, a syrian
#16
שַׂר
the captain
a head person (of any rank or class)
#17
צְבָא֛וֹ
of their host
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci
#18
הִכָּ֖ה
and smote
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#19
וַיָּ֥מָת
who died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#20
שָֽׁם׃
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

Analysis

Within the broader context of 2 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 2 Samuel.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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